Bachelor of Business Administration (Honours) - Accounting, Audit and Information Technology

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Courses - January 2026

Level 1

Course details

Excel I
ACCT70000

Description: This course provides students with the intermediate level topics required for The Microsoft Office Specialist exam; Excel Expert: Interpreting Data for Insights. Excel is an essential accounting tool. The material covered in this course will enhance the ability of the student to create and streamline accounting workbooks for optimal control, ease of use, and report design.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Introduction to Financial Accounting
ACCT71100

Description: This course in financial accounting reviews the accounting cycle and the preparation of financial statements. Topics include accounting for merchandising activities, accounting for cash, temporary investments and accounts receivable, inventories and cost of goods sold, capital assets, current and long-term liabilities, partnership accounting and accounting for corporations, the cash flow statement.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Conestoga 101
CON0101

Description: This self-directed course focuses on introducing new students to the supports, services, and opportunities available at Conestoga College. By the end of this course, students will understand the academic expectations of the Conestoga learning environment, as well as the supports available to ensure their academic success. Students will also be able to identify on-campus services that support their health and wellness, and explore ways to get actively involved in the Conestoga community through co-curricular learning opportunities.
  • Hours: 1
  • Credits: 0
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Introduction to Microeconomics
ECON71050

Description: This degree level course introduces students to basic microeconomic terminology, concepts, methodology and theories, and provides an understanding of firm behaviour under various market structures in an international setting, and their application to current global microeconomic issues. Topics of study include: supply and demand, elasticity concepts and their application; consumer theory; production, costs, and the determination of equilibrium price and output under different market models- perfect competition, monopolistic competition, monopoly and oligopoly; government export taxes/subsidies and regulation of the market, and international trade.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Academic Communications
ENGL71000

Description:

This course is intended to develop the communication skills required in academic studies, which will translate into useful writing and presentation skills in Canada’s increasingly intercultural professional and technical domains. Students will practice planning, drafting, and revising documents. The complex process of researching, creating, and revising arguments will encourage critical thinking, grammatical writing, and appropriate citation skills. Correct formatting of research papers and effective oral presentation skills will be emphasized.

  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Business Math
MATH71775

Description: The purpose of this degree-level course is to provide the student with a full spectrum of problem solving tools within the Mathematics of Finance. Topics include: Mathematics of merchandising, Cost-Volume-Profit analysis, simple interest, compound interest, annuities and their many applications including amortization, mortgages, and perpetuities.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Level 2

Course details

Intermediate Financial Accounting I
ACCT71250

Description: This course focuses on the financial reporting process in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) as codified in the CPA Handbook. The course covers the conceptual framework and current landscape of financial reporting; statements of financial position, comprehensive income, cash flows and shareholders' equity; cash and receivables; revenue; inventory; property plant and equipment; intangible assets; and investments. Along with the integration of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and their comparison with Accounting Standards for Private Enterprises (ASPE) for different topics, this course help to understand, prepare and use financial information by linking education with the 'real-world’ accounting environment.
  • Hours: 70
  • Credits: 5
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT71100
  • CoRequisites:

Managerial Accounting I
ACCT71260

Description: This course provides students with an understanding of the main concepts and practices of management accounting. Topics include: cost accounting fundamentals, job order costing, activity based costing, preparation of budgets, variance analysis, standard costs and variable costs.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT71100
  • CoRequisites:

Introduction to Macroeconomics with International Applications
ECON71030

Description: This degree level course deals with aggregate economic activity in the Canadian economy and its interrelationship with the rest of the world. It provides students with a basic understanding of macroeconomic principles and their relevance to macroeconomic issues impacting Canadian society. It examines the structure and performance of the Canadian economy utilizing such economic indicators as gross domestic product, employment, unemployment, income and productivity growth, inflation, interest rates, exchange rates, balance of international payments and the impact of government fiscal and monetary policies in an international setting. It will analyze current global issues affecting the Canadian economy.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Marketing
MKT71090

Description: This degree level course introduces the basic theories and concepts in marketing as well as an understanding of how these concepts are applied in the management of a company. The application of the marketing concept is illustrated. Other topics include examination of environmental factors, ethics and social responsibility, theories of buying behaviour, primary and secondary research, industrial and consumer markets, targeting and positioning.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Group Dynamics
SOC71500

Description: This course will focus on comprehensive theoretical understanding of group process, personal skill development and application through intensive team work. These skills are of critical importance in both professional and social settings. Through guided exploration and application of theoretical paradigms and practical strategies, students will achieve the necessary skills to succeed in and lead effective teams. The course consists in an intensive experiential approach – learning by doing – enabling participants to become effective, practiced team members with experience applying skills necessary for leadership, analysis and evaluation, problem solving, and conflict management. Individual and team activities enhance participants’ skills to work with a variety of personalities in diverse situations, and to effectively assume various professional roles within a team.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Level 3

Course details

Intermediate Financial Accounting II
ACCT72000

Description: This course covers an in-depth analysis of topics related to liabilities and shareholders' equity in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) as codified in CPA handbook. The course includes the current and long-term liabilities, shareholders' equity, complex financial instruments, pensions and other employee future benefits, income taxes, leases, calculation of earnings per share and the preparation of cash flow statements for more complex situations. Along with the integration of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and their comparison with Accounting Standards for Private Enterprises (ASPE) for different topics, this course help to understand, prepare and use financial information by linking education with the 'real-world’ accounting environment.
  • Hours: 70
  • Credits: 5
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT71100
  • CoRequisites:

Organizational Behaviour with International Applications
BUS71200

Description: This degree level course is a study of individual, group, and organizational behaviour in order to influence the way that people work together to achieve organizational goals. It will also consider cultural differences and how the effective use of best practices must be adapted in international settings. Topics include personality; values; perception; emotions and attitudes; motivation; group dynamics; decision-making; power and influence; conflict and negotiation; leadership; organizational structure, culture, and change.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Professional Communication
ENGL72000

Description: Effective communication is at the heart of any successful professional work environment. This course teaches students key aspects of communication: bridging the gap between oneself and others; using simple, direct, and correct language; using and citing sources; and editing and proofreading accurately. The focus will be on creating effective workplace documents such as letters, memos, proposals, abstract, summaries, and reports. Students will combine informative and persuasive communication skills to create these documents and to develop and deliver oral presentations.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites: ENGL71000
  • CoRequisites:

Management Information Systems
INFO71400

Description: This course introduces students to the role, structure, and use of information systems in managerial and financial contexts. Students will learn management strategies necessary for effective management of IT implementations. Topics include information technology concepts, the role of information systems in business, systems development, and the societal impact of information systems.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Statistics
STAT72105

Description: This business statistics course covers simple descriptive statistics, probability and the binomial and normal probability distributions, statistical inference, sampling distributions, simple regression and correlation analysis.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: MATH71775
  • CoRequisites:

Level 4

Course details

Accounting Applications
ACCT72010

Description:

Utilizing two different accounting software packages suitable for small to medium sized companies, student will process various accounting transactions and create financial statements and other reports. Students will perform a company set up and research and prepare notes to financial statements in accordance with ASPE requirements. A financial ratio analysis of a company will be completed.

  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT71100
  • CoRequisites:

Excel II
ACCT72020

Description: Students will use Microsoft Excel as a data analytics tool to create workbooks that use advanced functions to analyze financial and non-financial data. This includes the retrieval, synthesis, and analysis of large datasets. Ensuring data integrity through data management best practices is a primary consideration in this course, specifically from the point of view of end-user requirements. (Previously: Understanding end-user requirements will be a primary consideration to ensure the objectives of analysis are satisfied while using best practices regarding data management to ensure data integrity). Students will have an opportunity to prepare financial statements, perform trend analysis, use pivot tables, chart financial data, use business intelligence tools, and develop an Excel application. The material covered in this course, including macro creation, will enhance the ability of the student to create and streamline accounting workbooks for optimal control, ease of use, and report design. As part of this course students will have covered all topics for the Microsoft Office Specialist Exam: “Excel Expert: Interpreting data for Insights.”
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT70000
  • CoRequisites:

Advanced Accounting I
ACCT73030

Description: This advanced financial accounting course provides an in-depth study of long-term inter-corporate investments, foreign currency translation, and consolidation including foreign subsidiaries.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT71250 AND ACCT72000
  • CoRequisites:

Co-op and Career Preparation
CEPR71050

Description: This series of modules prepares degree level students for job searching for their co-op work terms with the guidance of a Co-op Advisor. Students will examine the co-operative education policies and procedures and will learn the expectations, rules, and regulations that apply in the workplace concerning social, organizational, ethical, and safety issues while deepening their awareness of self-reflective practices. Students will critically reflect on their skills, attitudes, and expectations and evaluate available opportunities in the workplace. Successful completion of these modules is a requirement for co-op eligibility.
  • Hours: 14
  • Credits: 1
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Finance
FIN72000

Description: This is an introductory course in managerial finance. Its purpose is to introduce the student to the theory and principles of managerial finance. The corporate financial manager's role in the firm as it relates to long term issues in investing and financing is examined. Specific study is given to the theory and practice of capital budgeting, capital structure, dividend policy, cost of capital, valuations, mergers and acquisitions.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT71100
  • CoRequisites:

Business Law
LAW72205

Description: This course is an introduction to the legal system which governs personal and commercial relationships in Canada. As such, it will provide the student with knowledge of the basic legal concepts, in order to gain insights into judicial reasoning, and develop the skills necessary for legal inquiry and analysis. Areas covered include: contract law, sales of goods and consumer protection, agency, partnership and corporate law, employment regulations, real property and protection of creativity.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Level 5

Course details

External Auditing I
ACCT73000

Description: This introductory course covers auditing concepts and procedures that an audit assistant would encounter for external risk-based auditing. Topics include standard reports; generally accepted auditing standards; audit objectives, evidence, and documentation; planning and analysis; materiality and risk; internal control; and audit completion. The functions and procedures related to the revenue and collection cycle, acquisition and expenditure cycle, inventory and capital asset balances, production and payroll cycle, and finance and investment cycle are studied.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT71250 AND ACCT72000 AND STAT72100 OR STAT72105
  • CoRequisites:

Managerial Accounting II
ACCT73010

Description: This course continues with management accounting practices. The main topics include cost-volume-profit analysis, decision analysis and relevant information, the balanced scorecard, cost allocation and joint products and byproducts and process costing.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT71260 AND STAT72100 OR STAT72105
  • CoRequisites:

Taxation I
ACCT73020

Description:

This course includes theoretical and in-depth practical study of the Canadian federal income tax system. Topics include the use of tax-related materials, rights and obligations under the Income Tax Act, liability for tax, and the calculation of net income for individuals, who are not trusts, and corporations and taxable income and tax payable for individuals who are not trusts.

  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT71250 AND ACCT72000
  • CoRequisites:

Critical and Creative Thinking Skills
PHIL72700

Description:

This course examines the essential elements of both critical and creative thinking, including identifying and evaluating arguments and applying them to the solution of problems. This course teaches students to identify and evaluate the nature of reasons and evidence, evaluate the validity and soundness of arguments, identify and analyze fallacies and faulty reasoning, determine the strengths, weaknesses and limitations of arguments, and integrate their critical thinking skills into the creative process. Critical and creative thinking are applied to problem solving throughout the course, and students develop the skills to create their own arguments to persuade others and support their own solutions to practical problems.

  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Research Methods
RSCH73100

Description: During this degree-level course students will explore research methods and their application to data analysis. Students will develop skills at reading and understanding research literature and will develop expertise in evaluating the validity and reliability of research data. Students will acquire hands-on experience by working in small teams on a research project: designing, collecting data, analyzing the data using Microsoft Excel, and reporting their findings and conclusions.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: STAT72105 OR STAT72785
  • CoRequisites:

Level 6

Course details

Co-op Work Term I (BAB Accounting, Audit and IT)
COOP73180

Description:

The first co-op work term will provide students with college-approved work experience within an accounting, audit or information technology environment. Students will be provided an opportunity to: build skills (physical and procedural skills including accuracy, precision, and efficiency); assist in the acquisition of knowledge in and application of knowledge gained in the academic setting (concepts and terminology in a discipline or field of study); develop critical, creative, and dialogical thinking (improved thinking and reasoning processes); cultivate problem solving and decision-making abilities (mental strategies for finding solutions and making choices); explore attitudes, feelings, and perspectives (awareness of attitudes, biases, and other perspectives, ability to collaborate); practice professional judgment (sound judgment and appropriate professional action in complex, context-dependent situations); and reflect on experience (self-discovery and personal growth from real-world experience).

  • Hours: 420
  • Credits: 14
  • Pre-Requisites: CDEV71050 OR CEPR71050
  • CoRequisites:

Level 7

Course details

Managerial Accounting III
ACCT73100

Description: This course develops a conceptual understanding of the role of management accounting information. Topics include management accounting and decision making, capital budgeting, contemporary approaches to produce costing, activity-based management, agency theory, responsibility accounting, transfer pricing, and ethical considerations.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT73010
  • CoRequisites:

Internal Auditing and Risk Management
ACCT73110

Description: This course covers the objectives, concepts, principles, and techniques of internal auditing. Topics include the role of the internal auditor; types of audits; internal auditing standards; governance; control; risk management; long-term audit planning.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Taxation II
ACCT73120

Description: This course continues the practical study of the Canadian income tax system. Topics include the calculation of taxable income and tax payable for trusts and corporations, planning with a corporation, rollovers and elections, other advanced topics in determining net income, and reporting issues related to non-residents. The Harmonized Sales Tax will be introduced.
  • Hours: 70
  • Credits: 5
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT73020
  • CoRequisites:

Database Management
COMP72105

Description: This course will introduce the student in the use of relational database management systems to manage operations for international organizations. Students will also be introduced the concept of data analysis and decision support with an emphasis in the basics of data warehouses.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites: COMP72370 OR INFO71400
  • CoRequisites:

Human Resource Management
HRM72105

Description: The primary focus of this introductory course is to offer the student an overview of the Human Resource (HR) Management function and each of its disciplines. The course emphasis is on the application of the skills and techniques commonly used today by HR managers in each discipline area, and on understanding how they are related to the organization's overall strategy and objectives. Pertinent legislation is studied in detail.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites: BUS71200
  • CoRequisites:

Level 8

Course details

Co-op Work Term II (BAB Accounting, Audit and IT)
COOP74050

Description: The second co-op work term will provide students with college-approved work experience within an accounting, audit or information technology environment. Students will be provided an opportunity to: build skills (physical and procedural skills including accuracy, precision, and efficiency); assist in the acquisition of knowledge in and application of knowledge gained in the academic setting (concepts and terminology in a discipline or field of study); develop critical, creative, and dialogical thinking (improved thinking and reasoning processes); cultivate problem solving and decision-making abilities (mental strategies for finding solutions and making choices); explore attitudes, feelings, and perspectives (awareness of attitudes, biases, and other perspectives, ability to collaborate); practice professional judgment (sound judgment and appropriate professional action in complex, context-dependent situations); and reflect on experience (self-discovery and personal growth from real-world experience).
  • Hours: 420
  • Credits: 14
  • Pre-Requisites: CDEV71050 OR CEPR71050
  • CoRequisites:

Level 9

Course details

Co-op Work Term III (BAB Accounting, Audit and IT)
COOP74060

Description: The third co-op work term will provide students with college-approved work experience within an accounting, audit or information technology environment. Students will be provided an opportunity to: build skills (physical and procedural skills including accuracy, precision, and efficiency); assist in the acquisition of knowledge in and application of knowledge gained in the academic setting (concepts and terminology in a discipline or field of study); develop critical, creative, and dialogical thinking (improved thinking and reasoning processes); cultivate problem solving and decision-making abilities (mental strategies for finding solutions and making choices); explore attitudes, feelings, and perspectives (awareness of attitudes, biases, and other perspectives, ability to collaborate); practice professional judgment (sound judgment and appropriate professional action in complex, context-dependent situations); and reflect on experience (self-discovery and personal growth from real-world experience).
  • Hours: 420
  • Credits: 14
  • Pre-Requisites: CDEV1020 OR CDEV71050
  • CoRequisites:

Level 10

Course details

External Auditing II
ACCT74000

Description: This course continues coverage of external auditing issues focusing on those relevant to audit leads, managers and partners. Topics include professional standards and ethics; legal liability; fraud; engagement planning; materiality and risk; audit sampling; evaluation and communication of findings. More advance reporting issues will be covered and including reporting for non-standard engagements including not-for-profit organizations, small businesses and unaudited financial statements. Special risk areas will be considered such as going concern evaluations, capitalizations and deferrals, fair value, estimates, revenue recognition and other high risk areas.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT73000
  • CoRequisites:

Advanced Accounting II
ACCT74010

Description: This advanced financial accounting course provides an in-depth study of areas of advanced financial accounting and accounting theory including standard setting in Canada and internationally, income tax allocation , financial instruments, not-for-profit and public sector accounting, and the practical and theoretical problems of the present value model.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT71250 AND ACCT72000
  • CoRequisites:

Auditing Information Systems
ACCT74040

Description: This course deals with the general and application controls used to reduce risks introduced by information systems. The course helps students develop insights into the implications of information technologies and helps students build practical skills to review and evaluate controls in computer-based systems including using computer-assisted auditing techniques.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT73000 AND ACCT73110 AND INFO71400
  • CoRequisites:

IT Development and Operations
INFO74060

Description: This course enables in-depth study of the strategic role of information systems in a business organization and the associated processes for development, control, and management. Topics will include issues both inside and outside an organization. Students will learn to analyze business processes and systems and make modifications appropriate to the organization’s strategic plan.
  • Hours: 42
  • Credits: 3
  • Pre-Requisites: INFO71400
  • CoRequisites:

Corporate Social Responsibility
MGMT74100

Description: This course explores the evolution and implementation of responsibility management systems that operationalize corporate citizenship, which are comparable in many respects to quality and environmental management systems. Modern corporations can no longer operate as autonomous, single-minded organizations. Without exception, the external environments that they face are complex, dynamic, and unpredictable. Companies today are caught in a crossfire of external (and sometimes internal) demands related to how they manage their responsibilities to a wide range of stakeholders, including employees, investors, suppliers, customers, communities, and national governments where they operate, particularly where long supply chains exist in developing nations. As a result of these conditions, corporations can be seen creating dialogue, relationships, and formal inter-organizational ties to a broad number of other parties and constituencies. In addition, those other parties and constituencies are exerting considerable influence on the formulation and execution of strategies. In large measure, the strategic management of these relationships is a keystone to business success in the new millennium.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Level 11

Course details

Internal Auditing
ACCT74030

Description: This course is a continuation of Internal Auditing & Risk Management. Topics include the planning and examination phases of internal auditing; internal audit reports; monitoring recommendations; the internal audit of purchasing, human resources management, marketing, and financial management; as well as internal auditing in the public and not-for-profit sectors.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: ACCT73110
  • CoRequisites:

International Business Planning and Strategy
BUS74020

Description: This is a capstone course for students requiring them to apply the principles and knowledge obtained in all other business disciplines to a specific business situation whether domestic or international. The course uses a broad theoretical perspective combined with experiential learning to equip students with the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours needed to effectively participate in the development of overall strategy and operational tactics, and to prepare students to participate in the strategic planning process within a global economy. Adopting a resource based view of the firm, students will be exposed to leading strategic theories and tactics at global, corporate, business units and functional levels. Students will be asked to analyse sources of competitive advantage and profitability using a wide range of approaches to develop a comprehensive SWOT (Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats) analysis and to formulate realistic recommendations. Differences among embryonic, growth and mature industries, and the techniques needed to prosper in technologically driven industries, will be examined. Specific challenges and techniques associated with entry into international markets will be explored, along with the challenges associated with resource allocation. Students will have an opportunity to explore techniques to foster B2B and B2C relationships.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: HRM72100 OR HRM72105 OR MGMT72100
  • CoRequisites:

Advanced Finance
FIN74000

Description: This advanced course is a continuation of the Finance course and provides an in-depth study of issues and tools that will assist financial managers in making decisions. Topics include capital budgeting under uncertainty; long-term sources of funds; financial leverage; capital structure; financing options; dividend policy; business valuations; mergers and acquisitions; investment decisions; futures, forwards, options, and swaps; risk management (foreign exchange and interest rate); financial planning; leasing; as well as long-term planning and strategic issues in finance.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites: FIN72000
  • CoRequisites:

Project Management with International Applications
MGMT72095

Description: Management of large-scale projects is both a science and an art. This course will focus on Project Management as an essential component of managing both international and domestic operations and an evolving professional discipline. All projects are typically complex, are comprised of many components and tasks, and involve a cross-section of different functional teams. The essential knowledge areas which are vital to effective project management (integration, scope, cost, time, quality, human resources, communication, risk and procurement) will be explored in detail. As well, the key processes involved with successful project management (initiation, planning, controlling, executing and closing) will be reviewed. Students will have an opportunity to apply these skills and knowledge to a variety of real world situations and to utilize information technology to identify opportunities for improvement.
  • Hours: 56
  • Credits: 4
  • Pre-Requisites:
  • CoRequisites:

Electives: Interdisciplinary Elective
Student must pass 1 Course(s), selected in the Student Portal from available course options

Program outcomes

  1. Prepare financial statements using domestic or international generally accepted accounting principles.
  2. Recommend to management appropriate accounting and financial techniques for planning and control in domestic or international settings.
  3. Assess operating and financial policies that are legally compliant, adhere to accounting and control standards, and are ethically, culturally and economically appropriate.
  4. Plan effective external, internal, or information systems audits.
  5. Assess employee and organizational information and administration systems through the effective use of information technology which is culturally, legally and ethically appropriate.
  6. Assess management’s application of risk-management techniques to specific business situations.
  7. Recommend initiatives geared towards improving effectiveness, efficiency and economy of processes, functions, employees, or businesses.
  8. Assess programs, policies, and practices for alignment with overall organizational goals and objectives in both domestic and global contexts.
  9. Assess the effect of domestic federal taxation on planning and decision-making for individuals and corporations.
  10. Communicate effectively in both domestic and global contexts.
  11. Collaborate with others using the ability to integrate information cross-functionally, critical and creative thinking, self-evaluation of own performance and professional development needs, and leadership.
  12. Develop an appreciation of the concepts and values required to enhance the quality of life for self and others in the home, workplace and the local and global community through an exploration of selected areas of aesthetics, civic life, culture, personal development, society, work or science and technology.